A new study published on 6 May in the Annals of Internal Medicine challenges the long-held belief that eating nuts and seeds increases the risk of diverticulitis. The research, based on nearly 30,000 women in the Sister Study, suggests that certain healthy dietary habits may actually lower the risk of this gastrointestinal condition.
What is Diverticulitis?
Diverticulitis can lead to painful symptoms and serious complications, affecting a significant portion of adults, particularly those aged 80+. For years, people with diverticulosis were advised to avoid nuts, seeds, and popcorn due to concerns they could cause inflammation. However, new research now contradicts this long-held belief, aligning with a 2008 study in men.
Study Design and Results
The study analysed data from 29,916 women who had no prior history of diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, or cancer. Participants’ adherence to four dietary patterns was assessed:
- DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
- Healthy Eating Index (HEI)
- Alternative Healthy Eating Index (aHEI)
- Alternative Mediterranean diet
1,531 cases of diverticulitis were identified over the course of the study. The analysis found no link between nuts or seeds and diverticulitis, and noted that following a healthy, plant-forward diet reduced risk.
Reactions From Medical Experts
Experts welcomed the study’s findings, noting they align with evolving clinical practice. “I think this study kind of confirmed what we’ve been doing in our practice,” said Dr. Shabnam Sarker, a gastroenterologist at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. “A high fibre diet is really the best for overall colon health.”
Dr. Shawn Khodadadian, medical director of Manhattan Gastroenterology, emphasised that diverticulitis can often be managed conservatively. “Generally, outpatients can be managed with pain control and oral analgesics… Antibiotics are not always needed… but this should be left up to your doctor,” he said.
However, serious cases may require more intensive interventions. “If there’s a perforation… patients will often need a temporary colostomy bag,” explained Dr. James Cox, a gastroenterologist at Texas Christian University.
A Condition Not Fully Understood
While this study clears up misconceptions around certain foods, the underlying causes of diverticulitis remain uncertain.
“There’s nothing patients can do to prevent the development of the diverticuli or diverticulosis,” said Cox, emphasising the need for further investigation. Sarker echoed that sentiment: “I think we need a lot more research on nutrition and dietary adjustments, and I think specifically more research in women as well.”
The study debunks the myth that nuts and seeds cause diverticulitis, offering reassurance to women. It also highlights the value of a fibre-rich, plant-based diet in reducing risk. “Patients feel empowered, especially in a condition that’s difficult to control,” said Sarker.