Pope Francis, the first Latin American pontiff and a transformative figure in the Roman Catholic Church, has died at the age of 88, the Vatican confirmed on Monday. Cardinal Kevin Farrell announced the pope’s passing at 7:35 a.m. local time via the Vatican’s official Telegram channel.
Pope Francis’s death initiates the process to select a new spiritual leader for approximately 1.4 billion Catholics worldwide. His papacy, which began on March 13, 2013, was marked by a focus on compassion, social justice, and outreach to the marginalised.
Final Days and Health Struggles
The pope’s health had been a growing concern in recent weeks. He suffered severe complications from double pneumonia that required a 38-day hospitalisation at Rome’s Gemelli Hospital. After his discharge on March 23, Pope Francis continued to engage in public appearances, including a visit to a prison in Rome and attending brief engagements, despite medical advice to rest.
Just one day before his death, on Easter Sunday, Pope Francis made a final public appearance at St Peter’s Square, where he wished thousands of pilgrims a “Happy Easter” and gave his last blessing. He also met with U.S. Vice President J.D. Vance on the same day.
When asked about coping with Easter amid his health challenges, the pope remarked, “I am living it as best I can.”
Legacy and Impact
Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Pope Francis was known for his humility, warmth, and dedication to the poor and vulnerable. His election surprised many observers, as he was seen as an outsider to the Vatican’s traditional hierarchy.
Throughout his 12-year papacy, Francis championed global peace, interfaith dialogue, and environmental stewardship. He called for an end to conflicts such as the war in Ukraine and urged ceasefires in regions like Gaza. He was also a vocal advocate for migrants, refugees, and those affected by climate change.
Pope Francis notably altered the Church’s stance on the death penalty, declaring it unacceptable in all circumstances, and condemned nuclear weapons as “immoral.” His outreach to LGBTQ Catholics and progressive reforms stirred controversy among conservatives, while some progressives criticised his reaffirmation of traditional doctrines such as the male celibate priesthood.
His greatest challenge came in 2018 amid the clergy sexual abuse scandals, which he confronted with efforts to increase transparency and accountability, though critics argue more reforms were needed.
Next Steps for the Church
Following the pope’s death, his body will be secured in his apartment to prevent unauthorised access, and an autopsy will not be performed. A funeral is expected to take place within four to six days.
The Vatican will enter a period of mourning before convening a papal conclave, where cardinals under the age of 80 will gather approximately 15 days after the pope’s death to elect his successor. The new pope’s election will be announced from the balcony of St Peter’s Basilica, followed by his first public appearance.
World Leaders Pay Tribute
The Dalai Lama expressed deep sadness at the passing of Pope Francis, offering prayers and condolences to his spiritual brothers, sisters, and followers around the world, and highlighting the pope’s dedication to the service of others.
New Zealand Prime Minister Christopher Luxon paid tribute to Pope Francis, describing him as “a man of humility” whose legacy includes an unwavering commitment to the vulnerable, social justice, and interfaith dialogue.
The United Kingdom recognised Pope Francis’s compassion, his efforts to foster unity, and his advocacy for environmental protection.
The White House issued a statement of condolence, acknowledging the pope’s global influence and his commitment to peace and justice.
Russia, through both President Vladimir Putin and the Moscow Patriarchate, commended Francis’s role in improving relations between the Russian Orthodox and Catholic Churches.
Australia’s leaders described Pope Francis as a devoted champion of the vulnerable and praised his compassion and advocacy for the environment.
The European Union’s leadership emphasised his lifelong dedication to building a more just and peaceful world, inspiring millions beyond the Catholic Church.
Italy’s government mourned the loss of a great shepherd and national friend, while Argentina’s president reflected on Pope Francis’s efforts to promote inter-religious dialogue, youth engagement, and financial prudence within the Vatican.