A review released on 25 February by the Australian Education Research Organisation (AERO) suggests integrating health and allied health services into schools can strengthen wellbeing and attendance outcomes. While some academic improvements are reported, the evidence base is mixed, underscoring the need for rigorous Australian evaluation.
Physical activity appears to be one of the simplest interventions. Research shows children who take part in physical activity during lessons perform better academically than those who remain sedentary. A 2025 University of South Australia study also found structured exercise programmes significantly reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression. Compared with resource-intensive service models, structured movement in class presents a relatively practical option for schools seeking measurable gains.
AERO’s review examined on-site health centres, counselling, psychology and nursing services. The review showed strong links to improved wellbeing and attendance, and in some cases modest academic improvement, with students in disadvantaged communities benefiting most.
However, universal mental health programmes showed less consistent effects on attendance and academic outcomes, particularly when not delivered by qualified professionals.
The authors stress that stable funding, workforce capacity, strong partnerships and careful implementation are essential. Without them, results can weaken.
AERO CEO Dr Jenny Donovan said the findings should inform targeted support. “Equity in schools is crucial to improving outcomes for low-SES students, so it’s important that we analyse the difference health and allied health initiatives can make,” Dr Donovan said.
“If health professionals can reduce some of the barriers that hold students back, teachers can better focus on effective instruction and planning.”
“These findings offer initial guidance, but with gaps in available research, future studies are needed to rigorously assess initiatives in Australian contexts.”